Cutaneous melanoma: From pathogenesis to therapy (Review)
#MMPMID29532857
Leonardi GC
; Falzone L
; Salemi R
; Zanghì A
; Spandidos DA
; Mccubrey JA
; Candido S
; Libra M
Int J Oncol
2018[Apr]; 52
(4
): 1071-1080
PMID29532857
show ga
In less than 10 years, melanoma treatment has been revolutionized with the
approval of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, which
have been shown to have a significant impact on the prognosis of patients with
melanoma. The early steps of this transformation have taken place in research
laboratories. The mitogen?activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway,
phosphoinositol?3?kinase (PI3K) pathway promote the development of melanoma
through numerous genomic alterations on different components of these pathways.
Moreover, melanoma cells deeply interact with the tumor microenvironment and the
immune system. This knowledge has led to the identification of novel therapeutic
targets and treatment strategies. In this review, the epidemiological features of
cutaneous melanoma along with the biological mechanisms involved in its
development and progression are summarized. The current state?of?the?art of
advanced stage melanoma treatment strategies and the currently available evidence
of the use of predictive and prognostic biomarkers are also discussed.
free
free
free
