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2015 ; 48
(Pt 6
): 1964-1975
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Crystallographic education in the 21st century
#MMPMID26664347
Gra?ulis S
; Sarjeant AA
; Moeck P
; Stone-Sundberg J
; Snyder TJ
; Kaminsky W
; Oliver AG
; Stern CL
; Dawe LN
; Rychkov DA
; Losev EA
; Boldyreva EV
; Tanski JM
; Bernstein J
; Rabeh WM
; Kantardjieff KA
J Appl Crystallogr
2015[Dec]; 48
(Pt 6
): 1964-1975
PMID26664347
show ga
There are many methods that can be used to incorporate concepts of
crystallography into the learning experiences of students, whether they are in
elementary school, at university or part of the public at large. It is not always
critical that those who teach crystallography have immediate access to
diffraction equipment to be able to introduce the concepts of symmetry, packing
or molecular structure in an age- and audience-appropriate manner.
Crystallography can be used as a tool for teaching general chemistry concepts as
well as general research techniques without ever having a student determine a
crystal structure. Thus, methods for younger students to perform crystal growth
experiments of simple inorganic salts, organic compounds and even metals are
presented. For settings where crystallographic instrumentation is accessible
(proximally or remotely), students can be involved in all steps of the process,
from crystal growth, to data collection, through structure solution and
refinement, to final publication. Several approaches based on the presentations
in the MS92 Microsymposium at the IUCr 23rd Congress and General Assembly are
reported. The topics cover methods for introducing crystallography to
undergraduate students as part of a core chemistry curriculum; a successful
short-course workshop intended to bootstrap researchers who rely on
crystallography for their work; and efforts to bring crystallography to secondary
school children and non-science majors. In addition to these workshops,
demonstrations and long-format courses, open-format crystallographic databases
and three-dimensional printed models as tools that can be used to excite target
audiences and inspire them to pursue a deeper understanding of crystallography
are described.