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2017 ; 7
(1
): 18-28
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Cryptosporidiosis in children in the Indian subcontinent
#MMPMID28459011
Murugesan M
; Ganesan SK
; Ajjampur SS
Trop Parasitol
2017[Jan]; 7
(1
): 18-28
PMID28459011
show ga
Cryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of diarrheal disease among children under
two in developing countries. Previous estimates have shown a high burden of
cryptosporidial diarrhea in children from Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.
Asymptomatic cryptosporidial infections which go undetected and untreated have
been shown to result in significant malnutrition. In this review, we carried out
a literature search of studies published on cryptosporidiosis in children in the
Indian subcontinent from 1983 to 2016. Of the 154 publications identified, 54
were included for final analysis with both hospital-based and community-based
studies. There were wide variations in reported prevalence rates from hospital
studies and highlight the need to be carry out these studies with uniform
sampling and molecular tools for detection, especially in countries with a dearth
of information. Community-based studies, however, showed similarities in spite of
differences in when (the late 1990s up until recently) and where (South India or
Bangladesh) they were conducted. When more sensitive detection methods were used,
cryptosporidial diarrhea accounted for 7%-9% of all diarrhea episodes and 20%-30%
of children in these cohorts experienced at least one cryptosporidial diarrheal
episode. High rates of asymptomatic infections with increased detection by
serology and multiple infections (symptomatic and asymptomatic) were also
documented in all cohorts. This overview brings to light the high burden of
disease associated with cryptosporidiosis in children in the subcontinent and the
gaps in knowledge to be addressed.
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