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2016 ; 165
(6
): 1323-1331
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Cooperative Microbial Tolerance Behaviors in Host-Microbiota Mutualism
#MMPMID27259146
Ayres JS
Cell
2016[Jun]; 165
(6
): 1323-1331
PMID27259146
show ga
Animal defense strategies against microbes are most often thought of as a
function of the immune system, the primary function of which is to sense and kill
microbes through the execution of resistance mechanisms. However, this
antagonistic view creates complications for our understanding of beneficial
host-microbe interactions. Pathogenic microbes are described as employing a few
common behaviors that promote their fitness at the expense of host health and
fitness. Here, a complementary framework is proposed to suggest that, in addition
to pathogens, beneficial microbes have evolved behaviors to manipulate host
processes in order to promote their own fitness and do so through the promotion
of host health and fitness. In this Perspective, I explore the idea that patterns
or behaviors traditionally ascribed to pathogenic microbes are also employed by
beneficial microbes to promote host tolerance defense strategies. Such strategies
would promote host health without having a negative impact on microbial fitness
and would thereby yield cooperative evolutionary dynamics that are likely
required to drive mutualistic co-evolution of hosts and microbes.
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