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2015 ; 37
(6
): 625-38
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Control of autoimmune CNS inflammation by astrocytes
#MMPMID26223505
Rothhammer V
; Quintana FJ
Semin Immunopathol
2015[Nov]; 37
(6
): 625-38
PMID26223505
show ga
Multiple sclerosis is a neurologic disease caused by immune cell infiltration
into the central nervous system, resulting in gray and white matter inflammation,
progressive demyelination, and neuronal loss. Astrocytes, the most abundant cell
population in the central nervous system (CNS), have been considered inert
scaffold or housekeeping cells for many years. However, recently, it has become
clear that this cell population actively modulates the immune response in the CNS
at multiple levels. While being exposed to a plethora of cytokines during ongoing
autoimmune inflammation, astrocytes modulate local CNS inflammation by secreting
cytokines and chemokines, among other factors. This review article gives an
overview of the most recent understanding about cytokine networks operational in
astrocytes during autoimmune neuroinflammation and highlights potential targets
for immunomodulatory therapies for multiple sclerosis.