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Control of autoimmune CNS inflammation by astrocytes #MMPMID26223505
Rothhammer V; Quintana FJ
Semin Immunopathol 2015[Nov]; 37 (6): 625-38 PMID26223505show ga
Multiple Sclerosis is a neurologic disease caused by immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system, resulting in grey and white matter inflammation, progressive demyelination and neuronal loss. Astrocytes, the most abundant cell population in the CNS, have been considered inert scaffold- or housekeeping cells for many years. However, recently it has become clear that this cell population actively modulates the immune response in the CNS at multiple levels. While being exposed to a plethora of cytokines during ongoing autoimmune inflammation, astrocytes modulate local CNS inflammation by secreting cytokines and chemokines, among other factors. This review article gives an overview of the most recent understanding about cytokine networks operational in astrocytes during autoimmune neuroinflammation and highlights potential targets for immunomodulatory therapies for Multiple Sclerosis.