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2017 ; 35
(6
): 1461-1467
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Concise Review: Stem Cells in Osteoimmunology
#MMPMID28390147
Fierro FA
; Nolta JA
; Adamopoulos IE
Stem Cells
2017[Jun]; 35
(6
): 1461-1467
PMID28390147
show ga
Bone remodeling is a lifelong process in which mature bone tissue is removed from
the skeleton by bone resorption and is replenished by new during ossification or
bone formation. The remodeling cycle requires both the differentiation and
activation of two cell types with opposing functions; the osteoclast, which
orchestrates bone resorption, and the osteoblast, which orchestrates bone
formation. The differentiation of these cells from their respective precursors is
a process which has been overshadowed by enigma, particularly because the precise
osteoclast precursor has not been identified and because the identification of
skeletal stem cells, which give rise to osteoblasts, is very recent. Latest
advances in the area of stem cell biology have enabled us to gain a better
understanding of how these differentiation processes occur in physiological and
pathological conditions. In this review we postulate that modulation of stem
cells during inflammatory conditions is a necessary prerequisite of bone
remodeling and therefore an essential new component to the field of
osteoimmunology. In this context, we highlight the role of transcription factor
nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), because it directly
links inflammation with differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Stem
Cells 2017;35:1461-1467.