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2014 ; 84
(3
): 638-54
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Computational psychiatry
#MMPMID25442941
Wang XJ
; Krystal JH
Neuron
2014[Nov]; 84
(3
): 638-54
PMID25442941
show ga
Psychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, arise from abnormalities
in brain systems that underlie cognitive, emotional, and social functions. The
brain is enormously complex and its abundant feedback loops on multiple scales
preclude intuitive explication of circuit functions. In close interplay with
experiments, theory and computational modeling are essential for understanding
how, precisely, neural circuits generate flexible behaviors and their impairments
give rise to psychiatric symptoms. This Perspective highlights recent progress in
applying computational neuroscience to the study of mental disorders. We outline
basic approaches, including identification of core deficits that cut across
disease categories, biologically realistic modeling bridging cellular and
synaptic mechanisms with behavior, and model-aided diagnosis. The need for new
research strategies in psychiatry is urgent. Computational psychiatry potentially
provides powerful tools for elucidating pathophysiology that may inform both
diagnosis and treatment. To achieve this promise will require investment in
cross-disciplinary training and research in this nascent field.