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10.1126/science.aac9373 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1126/science.aac9373 C4924617!4924617!26272907     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26272907.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Science 2015 ; 349 (6252): 1095-100 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26272907|t=2015. Complete biosynthesis of opioids in yeast |pdf=|usr=}}{{26272907}} gab.com Text Complete biosynthesis of opioids in yeast JO: Science http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26272907 #FOAvip Opioids are the primary drugs used in Western medicine for pain management and palliative care. Farming of opium poppies remains the sole source of these essential medicines despite diverse market demands and uncertainty in crop yields due to weather, climate change, and pests. Here, we engineered yeast to produce the selected opioid compounds thebaine and hydrocodone starting from sugar. All work was conducted in a laboratory that is permitted and secured for work with controlled substances. We combined enzyme discovery, enzyme engineering, and pathway and strain optimization to realize full opiate biosynthesis in yeast. The resulting opioid biosynthesis strains required expression of 21 (thebaine) and 23 (hydrocodone) enzyme activities from plants, mammals, bacteria, and yeast itself. This is a proof-of-principle, and major hurdles remain before optimization and scale up could be achieved. Open discussions of options for governing this technology are also needed in order to responsibly realize alternative supplies for these medically relevant compounds. Twit Text FOAVip Complete biosynthesis of opioids in yeast ????Science http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26272907 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26272907 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26272907}}</ref> Complete biosynthesis of opioids in yeast #MMPMID26272907 Galanie S; Thodey K; Trenchard IJ; Interrante MF; Smolke CD Science 2015[Sep]; 349 (6252): 1095-100 PMID26272907show ga Opioids are the primary drugs used in Western medicine for pain management and palliative care. Farming of opium poppies remains the sole source of these essential medicines despite diverse market demands and uncertainty in crop yields due to weather, climate change, and pests. Here, we engineered yeast to produce the selected opioid compounds thebaine and hydrocodone starting from sugar. All work was conducted in a laboratory that is permitted and secured for work with controlled substances. We combined enzyme discovery, enzyme engineering, and pathway and strain optimization to realize full opiate biosynthesis in yeast. The resulting opioid biosynthesis strains required expression of 21 (thebaine) and 23 (hydrocodone) enzyme activities from plants, mammals, bacteria, and yeast itself. This is a proof-of-principle, and major hurdles remain before optimization and scale up could be achieved. Open discussions of options for governing this technology are also needed in order to responsibly realize alternative supplies for these medically relevant compounds. äComplete biosynthesis of opioids in yeast (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing