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2016 ; 4
(5
): 100
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Combination therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
#MMPMID27047959
Buonerba C
; Di Lorenzo G
; Sonpavde G
Ann Transl Med
2016[Mar]; 4
(5
): 100
PMID27047959
show ga
Current therapy for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) consists of
the serial administration of single agents. Combinations of VEGF and mTOR
inhibitors have been disappointing in previous randomized trials. However, the
combination of lenvatinib, a multitargeted agent that inhibits VEGF as well as
FGF receptors, and everolimus demonstrated promising results in a randomized
phase II trial. Moreover, the emergence of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and
programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors has spawned the investigation
of combinations of these agents with VEGF inhibitors and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. These ongoing phase III trials in conjunction with
the development of predictive biomarkers and agents inhibiting novel therapeutic
targets may provide much needed advances in this still largely incurable disease.