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2013 ; 9
(4
): 403-414
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Clostridium difficile infection in older adults
#MMPMID24955106
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Aging health
2013[Aug]; 9
(4
): 403-414
PMID24955106
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Clostridium difficile infection, the most frequent cause of nosocomial diarrhea,
disproportionately affects older adults. The two most important risk factors for
developing C. difficile infection are antimicrobial exposure and age >65 years
old. Risk factors specific to older adults are frequent interactions with
healthcare systems and age-related changes in physiology, including immune
senescence and changes to the gut microbiome. Metronidazole and oral vancomcyin
are the mainstays of conventional treatment for C. difficile infection.
Alternative therapies include fidaxomicin, a narrow-spectrum macrocyclic
antibiotic, and fectal bacteriotherapy, which offers an excellent therapeutic
outcome. Strategies to prevent C. difficile infections include enhanced infection
control measures and reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use through
stewardship.