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2018 ; 32
(7
): 1529-1541
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Clinical use of lentiviral vectors
#MMPMID29654266
Milone MC
; O'Doherty U
Leukemia
2018[Jul]; 32
(7
): 1529-1541
PMID29654266
show ga
Viral vectors provide an efficient means for modification of eukaryotic cells,
and their use is now commonplace in academic laboratories and industry for both
research and clinical gene therapy applications. Lentiviral vectors, derived from
the human immunodeficiency virus, have been extensively investigated and
optimized over the past two decades. Third-generation, self-inactivating
lentiviral vectors have recently been used in multiple clinical trials to
introduce genes into hematopoietic stem cells to correct primary
immunodeficiencies and hemoglobinopathies. These vectors have also been used to
introduce genes into mature T cells to generate immunity to cancer through the
delivery of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or cloned T-cell receptors. CAR
T-cell therapies engineered using lentiviral vectors have demonstrated noteworthy
clinical success in patients with B-cell malignancies leading to regulatory
approval of the first genetically engineered cellular therapy using lentiviral
vectors. In this review, we discuss several aspects of lentiviral vectors that
will be of interest to clinicians, including an overview of lentiviral vector
development, the current uses of viral vectors as therapy for primary
immunodeficiencies and cancers, large-scale manufacturing of lentiviral vectors,
and long-term follow-up of patients treated with gene therapy products.