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2015 ; 4
(ä): 5
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Clinical significance of monocyte heterogeneity
#MMPMID25852821
Stansfield BK
; Ingram DA
Clin Transl Med
2015[]; 4
(ä): 5
PMID25852821
show ga
Monocytes are primitive hematopoietic cells that primarily arise from the bone
marrow, circulate in the peripheral blood and give rise to differentiated
macrophages. Over the past two decades, considerable attention to monocyte
diversity and macrophage polarization has provided contextual clues into the role
of myelomonocytic derivatives in human disease. Until recently, human monocytes
were subdivided based on expression of the surface marker CD16. "Classical"
monocytes express surface markers denoted as CD14(++)CD16(-) and account for
greater than 70% of total monocyte count, while "non-classical" monocytes express
the CD16 antigen with low CD14 expression (CD14(+)CD16(++)). However, recognition
of an intermediate population identified as CD14(++)CD16(+) supports the new
paradigm that monocytes are a true heterogeneous population and careful
identification of specific subpopulations is necessary for understanding monocyte
function in human disease. Comparative studies of monocytes in mice have yielded
more dichotomous results based on expression of the Ly6C antigen. In this review,
we will discuss the use of monocyte subpopulations as biomarkers of human disease
and summarize correlative studies in mice that may yield significant insight into
the contribution of each subset to disease pathogenesis.
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