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2018 ; 93
(2
): 216-221
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Clinical and pathological features of myeloid leukemia cutis
#MMPMID29723350
Li L
; Wang Y
; Lian CG
; Hu N
; Jin H
; Liu Y
An Bras Dermatol
2018[Mar]; 93
(2
): 216-221
PMID29723350
show ga
BACKGROUND: Myeloid leukemia cutis is the terminology used for cutaneous
manifestations of myeloid leukemia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to
study the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of myeloid
leukemia cutis. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of clinical and
pathological features of 10 patients with myeloid leukemia cutis. RESULTS: One
patient developed skin lesions before the onset of leukemia, seven patients
developed skin infiltration within 4-72 months after the onset of leukemia, and
two patients developed skin lesions and systemic leukemia simultaneously. Of
these patients, five presented with generalized papules or nodules, and five with
localized masses. The biopsy of skin lesions showed a large number of tumor cells
within the dermis and subcutaneous fat layer. Immunohistochemical analysis showed
strong reactivity to myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD15, CD43 and CD45 (LCA) in most
cases. NPM1 (nucleophosmin I) and FLT3-ITD (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal
tandem duplication) mutations were identified in one case. Five patients with
acute myelogenous leukemia and one patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
died within two months to one year after the onset of skin lesions. STUDY
LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective and small sample study. CONCLUSIONS: In
patients with myelogenous leukemia, skin infiltration usually occurs after, but
occasionally before, the appearance of hemogram and myelogram abnormalities, and
the presence of skin infiltration is often associated with a poor prognosis and
short survival time. myeloid leukemia cutis often presents as generalized or
localized nodules or masses with characteristic pathological and histochemical
findings.
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