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2017 ; 140
(5
): 1204-1211
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Clinical and genetic characterization of leukoencephalopathies in adults
#MMPMID28334938
Lynch DS
; Rodrigues Brandão de Paiva A
; Zhang WJ
; Bugiardini E
; Freua F
; Tavares Lucato L
; Macedo-Souza LI
; Lakshmanan R
; Kinsella JA
; Merwick A
; Rossor AM
; Bajaj N
; Herron B
; McMonagle P
; Morrison PJ
; Hughes D
; Pittman A
; Laurà M
; Reilly MM
; Warren JD
; Mummery CJ
; Schott JM
; Adams M
; Fox NC
; Murphy E
; Davagnanam I
; Kok F
; Chataway J
; Houlden H
Brain
2017[May]; 140
(5
): 1204-1211
PMID28334938
show ga
Leukodystrophies and genetic leukoencephalopathies are a rare group of disorders
leading to progressive degeneration of cerebral white matter. They are associated
with a spectrum of clinical phenotypes dominated by dementia, psychiatric
changes, movement disorders and upper motor neuron signs. Mutations in at least
60 genes can lead to leukoencephalopathy with often overlapping clinical and
radiological presentations. For these reasons, patients with genetic
leukoencephalopathies often endure a long diagnostic odyssey before receiving a
definitive diagnosis or may receive no diagnosis at all. In this study, we used
focused and whole exome sequencing to evaluate a cohort of undiagnosed adult
patients referred to a specialist leukoencephalopathy service. In total, 100
patients were evaluated using focused exome sequencing of 6100 genes. We detected
pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 26 cases. The most frequently mutated
genes were NOTCH3, EIF2B5, AARS2 and CSF1R. We then carried out whole exome
sequencing on the remaining negative cases including four family trios, but could
not identify any further potentially disease-causing mutations, confirming the
equivalence of focused and whole exome sequencing in the diagnosis of genetic
leukoencephalopathies. Here we provide an overview of the clinical and genetic
features of these disorders in adults.
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adult
[MESH]
|Exome/*genetics
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics
[MESH]