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2018 ; 8
(1
): 7048
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Climate deteriorations and Neanderthal demise in interior Iberia
#MMPMID29728579
Wolf D
; Kolb T
; Alcaraz-Castańo M
; Heinrich S
; Baumgart P
; Calvo R
; Sánchez J
; Ryborz K
; Schäfer I
; Bliedtner M
; Zech R
; Zöller L
; Faust D
Sci Rep
2018[May]; 8
(1
): 7048
PMID29728579
show ga
Time and circumstances for the disappearance of Neanderthals and its relationship
with the advent of Modern Humans are not yet sufficiently resolved, especially in
case of the Iberian Peninsula. Reconstructing palaeoenvironmental conditions
during the last glacial period is crucial to clarifying whether climate
deteriorations or competition and contacts with Modern Humans played the pivotal
role in driving Neanderthals to extinction. A high-resolution loess record from
the Upper Tagus Basin in central Spain demonstrates that the Neanderthal
abandonment of inner Iberian territories 42 kyr ago coincided with the evolvement
of hostile environmental conditions, while archaeological evidence testifies that
this desertion took place regardless of modern humans' activities. According to
stratigraphic findings and stable isotope analyses, this period corresponded to
the driest environmental conditions of the last glacial apart from an even drier
period linked to Heinrich Stadial 3. Our results show that during Marine Isotope
Stages (MIS) 4 and 2 climate deteriorations in interior Iberia temporally
coincided with northern hemisphere cold periods (Heinrich stadials). Solely
during the middle MIS 3, in a period surrounding 42 kyr ago, this relation seems
not straightforward, which may demonstrate the complexity of terrestrial climate
conditions during glacial periods.