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2014 ; 20
(12
): 1829-42
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Circular RNAs: diversity of form and function
#MMPMID25404635
Lasda E
; Parker R
RNA
2014[Dec]; 20
(12
): 1829-42
PMID25404635
show ga
It is now clear that there is a diversity of circular RNAs in biological systems.
Circular RNAs can be produced by the direct ligation of 5' and 3' ends of linear
RNAs, as intermediates in RNA processing reactions, or by "backsplicing," wherein
a downstream 5' splice site (splice donor) is joined to an upstream 3' splice
site (splice acceptor). Circular RNAs have unique properties including the
potential for rolling circle amplification of RNA, the ability to rearrange the
order of genomic information, protection from exonucleases, and constraints on
RNA folding. Circular RNAs can function as templates for viroid and viral
replication, as intermediates in RNA processing reactions, as regulators of
transcription in cis, as snoRNAs, and as miRNA sponges. Herein, we review the
breadth of circular RNAs, their biogenesis and metabolism, and their known and
anticipated functions.