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2016 ; 143
(11
): 1838-47
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Circular RNAs: analysis, expression and potential functions
#MMPMID27246710
Barrett SP
; Salzman J
Development
2016[Jun]; 143
(11
): 1838-47
PMID27246710
show ga
Just a few years ago, it had been assumed that the dominant RNA isoforms produced
from eukaryotic genes were variants of messenger RNA, functioning as
intermediates in gene expression. In early 2012, however, a surprising discovery
was made: circular RNA (circRNA) was shown to be a transcriptional product in
thousands of human and mouse genes and in hundreds of cases constituted the
dominant RNA isoform. Subsequent studies revealed that the expression of circRNAs
is developmentally regulated, tissue and cell-type specific, and shared across
the eukaryotic tree of life. These features suggest important functions for these
molecules. Here, we describe major advances in the field of circRNA biology,
focusing on the regulation of and functional roles played by these molecules.