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Circadian regulators of intestinal lipid absorption
#MMPMID25057097
Hussain MM
; Pan X
J Lipid Res
2015[Apr]; 56
(4
): 761-70
PMID25057097
show ga
Among all the metabolites present in the plasma, lipids, mainly triacylglycerol
and diacylglycerol, show extensive circadian rhythms. These lipids are
transported in the plasma as part of lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are synthesized
primarily in the liver and intestine and their production exhibits circadian
rhythmicity. Studies have shown that various proteins involved in lipid
absorption and lipoprotein biosynthesis show circadian expression. Further,
intestinal epithelial cells express circadian clock genes and these genes might
control circadian expression of different proteins involved in intestinal lipid
absorption. Intestinal circadian clock genes are synchronized by signals
emanating from the suprachiasmatic nuclei that constitute a master clock and from
signals coming from other environmental factors, such as food availability.
Disruptions in central clock, as happens due to disruptions in the sleep/wake
cycle, affect intestinal function. Similarly, irregularities in temporal food
intake affect intestinal function. These changes predispose individuals to
various metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and
atherosclerosis. Here, we summarize how circadian rhythms regulate microsomal
triglyceride transfer protein, apoAIV, and nocturnin to affect diurnal regulation
of lipid absorption.
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