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2015 ; 7
(19
): 2194-201
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Chronic hepatitis E: A brief review
#MMPMID26380044
Murali AR
; Kotwal V
; Chawla S
World J Hepatol
2015[Sep]; 7
(19
): 2194-201
PMID26380044
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Hepatitis E viral infection has traditionally been considered an acute,
self-limited, water borne disease similar to hepatitis A, endemic to developing
countries. However, over the past decade, zoonotic transmission and progression
to chronicity in human patients has been identified, resulting in persistently
elevated transaminase levels, progressive liver injury and cirrhosis. In addition
to liver injury, neurological, renal and rheumatological manifestations have also
been reported. Chronic hepatitis E occurs mainly in immunosuppressed individuals
such as transplant recipients, human immunodeficiency virus patients with low CD4
counts and in patients with hematological malignancies receiving chemotherapy.
Diagnosis is established by persistent elevation of hepatitis E virus RNA in the
stool or serum. This population often requires treatment with antiviral agents,
particularly ribavirin, as spontaneous clearance with reduction in
immunosuppression occurs only in about a third of the patients. The purpose of
this review, is to further discuss the clinical presentation, and recent advances
in diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of chronic hepatitis E.
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