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2015 ; 50
(6
): 657-67
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Chronic gastritis
#MMPMID25901896
Sipponen P
; Maaroos HI
Scand J Gastroenterol
2015[Jun]; 50
(6
): 657-67
PMID25901896
show ga
Prevalence of chronic gastritis has markedly declined in developed populations
during the past decades. However, chronic gastritis is still one of the most
common serious pandemic infections with such severe killing sequelae as peptic
ulcer or gastric cancer. Globally, on average, even more than half of people may
have a chronic gastritis at present. Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood
is the main cause of chronic gastritis, which microbial origin is the key for the
understanding of the bizarre epidemiology and course of the disease. A life-long
and aggressive inflammation in gastritis results in destruction (atrophic
gastritis) of stomach mucosa with time (years and decades). The progressive
worsening of atrophic gastritis results subsequently in dysfunctions of stomach
mucosa. Atrophic gastritis will finally end up in a permanently acid-free stomach
in the most extreme cases. Severe atrophic gastritis and acid-free stomach are
the highest independent risk conditions for gastric cancer known so far. In
addition to the risks of malignancy and peptic ulcer, acid-free stomach and
severe forms of atrophic gastritis may associate with failures in absorption of
essential vitamins, like vitamin B12, micronutrients (like iron, calcium,
magnesium and zinc), diet and medicines.