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2014 ; 71
(24
): 4841-52
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Chromosome boundary elements and regulation of heterochromatin spreading
#MMPMID25192661
Wang J
; Lawry ST
; Cohen AL
; Jia S
Cell Mol Life Sci
2014[Dec]; 71
(24
): 4841-52
PMID25192661
show ga
Chromatin is generally classified as euchromatin or heterochromatin, each with
distinct histone modifications, compaction levels, and gene expression patterns.
Although the proper formation of heterochromatin is essential for maintaining
genome integrity and regulating gene expression, heterochromatin can also spread
into neighboring regions in a sequence-independent manner, leading to the
inactivation of genes. Because the distance of heterochromatin spreading is
stochastic, the formation of boundaries, which block the spreading of
heterochromatin, is critical for maintaining stable gene expression patterns.
Here we review the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying
heterochromatin spreading and boundary formation.