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2016 ; 1374
(1
): 159-67
Nephropedia Template TP
Carlisle M
; Lam A
; Svendsen ER
; Aggarwal S
; Matalon S
Ann N Y Acad Sci
2016[Jun]; 1374
(1
): 159-67
PMID27303906
show ga
Chlorine (Cl2 ) is utilized worldwide for a diverse range of industrial
applications, including pulp bleaching, sanitation, and pharmaceutical
development. Though Cl2 has widespread use, little is known regarding the
mechanisms of toxicity associated with Cl2 exposure, which occurs during
industrial accidents or acts of terrorism. Previous instances of Cl2 exposure
have led to reported episodes of respiratory distress that result in high
morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, studies suggest that acute Cl2 exposure
also results in systemic vascular injury and subsequent myocardial contractile
dysfunction. Here, we review both lung and cardiac pathology associated with
acute Cl2 inhalation and discuss recently published data that suggest that
mitochondrial dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of Cl2 -induced toxicity.
Last, we discuss our findings that suggest that upregulation of autophagy
protects against Cl2 -induced lung inflammation and can be a potential
therapeutic target for ameliorating the toxic effects of Cl2 exposure.
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