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2010 ; 29
(2
): 259-76
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Children of addicted women
#MMPMID20407981
Lester BM
; Lagasse LL
J Addict Dis
2010[Apr]; 29
(2
): 259-76
PMID20407981
show ga
The purpose of this article was to review follow up studies of children with
prenatal drug exposure from preschool through adolescence. Specifically, the
authors focus on the effects of prenatal exposure to cocaine, methamphetamine,
and opiates on behavior and development. The largest number of studies have
examined cocaine-exposed children. The authors identified 42 studies that suggest
that there are unique effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on 4- to 13-year-old
children, particularly in the areas of behavior problems, attention, language,
and cognition. In addition, studies make reasonable attempts to control for
possible confounding factors. Systematic research on the long-term effects of
prenatal methamphetamine exposure is just beginning but seems to be showing
similar effects to that of cocaine. The literature on the on the long-term
effects of children with prenatal opiate exposure is more substantial than the
methamphetamine literature but it is still relatively sparse and surprising in
that there is little recent work. Thus, there are no studies on the current
concerns with opiates used for prescription mediation. There is a growing
literature using neuroimaging techniques to study the effects of prenatal drug
exposure that holds promise for understanding brain/behavior relationships. In
addition to pharmacological and teratogenic effects, drugs can also be viewed
from a prenatal stressor model. The author discuss this "fetal origins" approach
that involves fetal programming and the neuroendocrine system and the potential
implications for adolescent brain and behavioral development.
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