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10.1007/s11906-014-0476-2 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1007/s11906-014-0476-2 C4249628!4249628 !25097113     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\25097113 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Curr+Hypertens+Rep 2014 ; 16 (9 ): 476 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25097113 |t=2014. Chemoreflexes, sleep apnea, and sympathetic dysregulation |pdf=|usr=}}{{25097113 }} gab.com Text Chemoreflexes, sleep apnea, and sympathetic dysregulation JO: Curr Hypertens Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25097113 #FOAvip Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension are closely linked conditions. Disordered breathing events in OSA are characterized by increasing efforts against an occluded airway while asleep, resulting in a marked sympathetic response. This is predominantly due to hypoxemia activating the chemoreflexes, resulting in reflex increases in sympathetic neural outflow. In addition, apnea - and the consequent lack of inhibition of the sympathetic system that occurs with lung inflation during normal breathing - potentiates central sympathetic outflow. Sympathetic activation persists into the daytime, and is thought to contribute to hypertension and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This review discusses chemoreflex physiology and sympathetic modulation during normal sleep, as well as the sympathetic dysregulation seen in OSA, its extension into wakefulness, and changes after treatment. Evidence supporting the role of the peripheral chemoreflex in the sympathetic dysregulation seen in OSA, including in the context of comorbid obesity, metabolic syndrome, and systemic hypertension, is reviewed. Finally, alterations in cardiovascular variability and other potential mechanisms that may play a role in the autonomic imbalance in OSA are also discussed. Twit Text FOAVip Chemoreflexes, sleep apnea, and sympathetic dysregulation ????Curr Hypertens Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25097113 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25097113 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25097113 }}</ref> Chemoreflexes, sleep apnea, and sympathetic dysregulation #MMPMID25097113 Mansukhani MP ; Kara T ; Caples SM ; Somers VK Curr Hypertens Rep 2014[Sep]; 16 (9 ): 476 PMID25097113 show ga Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension are closely linked conditions. Disordered breathing events in OSA are characterized by increasing efforts against an occluded airway while asleep, resulting in a marked sympathetic response. This is predominantly due to hypoxemia activating the chemoreflexes, resulting in reflex increases in sympathetic neural outflow. In addition, apnea - and the consequent lack of inhibition of the sympathetic system that occurs with lung inflation during normal breathing - potentiates central sympathetic outflow. Sympathetic activation persists into the daytime, and is thought to contribute to hypertension and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This review discusses chemoreflex physiology and sympathetic modulation during normal sleep, as well as the sympathetic dysregulation seen in OSA, its extension into wakefulness, and changes after treatment. Evidence supporting the role of the peripheral chemoreflex in the sympathetic dysregulation seen in OSA, including in the context of comorbid obesity, metabolic syndrome, and systemic hypertension, is reviewed. Finally, alterations in cardiovascular variability and other potential mechanisms that may play a role in the autonomic imbalance in OSA are also discussed. |*Sleep [MESH] |Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/*etiology/physiopathology [MESH] |Blood Pressure/*physiology [MESH] |Chemoreceptor Cells/*physiology [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Reflex/*physiology [MESH] |Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/*physiopathology [MESH]Chemoreflexes, sleep apnea, and sympathetic dysregulation (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing