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2004 ; 12
(10
): 466-72
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Cellular entry of the SARS coronavirus
#MMPMID15381196
Hofmann H
; Pöhlmann S
Trends Microbiol
2004[Oct]; 12
(10
): 466-72
PMID15381196
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Enveloped viruses have evolved membrane glycoproteins (GPs) that mediate entry
into host cells. These proteins are important targets for antiviral therapies and
vaccines. Several efforts to understand and combat infection by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) have therefore focused on the viral
GP, known as spike (S). In a short period of time, important aspects of SARS-CoV
S-protein function were unraveled. The identification of angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor for SARS-CoV provided an insight into viral tropism
and pathogenesis, whereas mapping of functional domains in the S-protein enabled
inhibitors to be generated. Vaccines designed on the basis of SARS-CoV S-protein
were shown to be effective in animals and consequently are attractive candidates
for vaccine trials in humans. Here, we discuss how SARS-CoV S facilitates viral
entry into target cells and illustrate current approaches that are used to
inhibit this process.
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