Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26602306
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Sci+Rep
2015 ; 5
(ä): 17147
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Cellular cooperation with shift updating and repulsion
#MMPMID26602306
Pavlogiannis A
; Chatterjee K
; Adlam B
; Nowak MA
Sci Rep
2015[Nov]; 5
(ä): 17147
PMID26602306
show ga
Population structure can facilitate evolution of cooperation. In a structured
population, cooperators can form clusters which resist exploitation by defectors.
Recently, it was observed that a shift update rule is an extremely strong
amplifier of cooperation in a one dimensional spatial model. For the shift update
rule, an individual is chosen for reproduction proportional to fecundity; the
offspring is placed next to the parent; a random individual dies. Subsequently,
the population is rearranged (shifted) until all individual cells are again
evenly spaced out. For large population size and a one dimensional population
structure, the shift update rule favors cooperation for any benefit-to-cost ratio
greater than one. But every attempt to generalize shift updating to higher
dimensions while maintaining its strong effect has failed. The reason is that in
two dimensions the clusters are fragmented by the movements caused by rearranging
the cells. Here we introduce the natural phenomenon of a repulsive force between
cells of different types. After a birth and death event, the cells are being
rearranged minimizing the overall energy expenditure. If the repulsive force is
sufficiently high, shift becomes a strong promoter of cooperation in two
dimensions.