Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\29440567
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Cold+Spring+Harb+Symp+Quant+Biol
2017 ; 82
(ä): 249-257
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Centromere Drive
#MMPMID29440567
Lampson MA
; Black BE
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
2017[]; 82
(ä): 249-257
PMID29440567
show ga
The asymmetric outcome of female meiosis I, whereby an entire set of chromosomes
are discarded into a polar body, presents an opportunity for selfish genetic
elements to cheat the process and disproportionately segregate to the egg.
Centromeres, the chromosomal loci that connect to spindle microtubules, could
potentially act as selfish elements and "drive" in meiosis. We review the current
understanding of the genetic and epigenetic contributions to centromere identity
and describe recent progress in a powerful model system to study centromere drive
in mice. The progress includes mechanistic findings regarding two main
requirements for a centromere to exploit the asymmetric outcome of female
meiosis. The first is an asymmetry between centromeres of homologous chromosomes,
and we found this is accomplished through massive changes in the abundance of the
repetitive DNA underlying centromeric chromatin. The second requirement is an
asymmetry in the meiotic spindle, which is achieved through signaling from the
oocyte cortex that leads to asymmetry in a posttranslational modification of
tubulin, tyrosination. Together, these two asymmetries culminate in the biased
segregation of expanded centromeres to the egg, and we describe a mechanistic
framework to understand this process.