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2016 ; 6
(ä): 37007
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Cell senescence is an antiviral defense mechanism
#MMPMID27849057
Baz-Martínez M
; Da Silva-Álvarez S
; Rodríguez E
; Guerra J
; El Motiam A
; Vidal A
; García-Caballero T
; González-Barcia M
; Sánchez L
; Muñoz-Fontela C
; Collado M
; Rivas C
Sci Rep
2016[Nov]; 6
(ä): 37007
PMID27849057
show ga
Cellular senescence is often considered a protection mechanism triggered by
conditions that impose cellular stress. Continuous proliferation, DNA damaging
agents or activated oncogenes are well-known activators of cell senescence. Apart
from a characteristic stable cell cycle arrest, this response also involves a
proinflammatory phenotype known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype
(SASP). This, together with the widely known interference with senescence
pathways by some oncoviruses, had led to the hypothesis that senescence may also
be part of the host cell response to fight virus. Here, we evaluate this
hypothesis using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) as a model. Our results show
that VSV replication is significantly impaired in both primary and tumor
senescent cells in comparison with non-senescent cells, and independently of the
stimulus used to trigger senescence. Importantly, we also demonstrate a
protective effect of senescence against VSV in vivo. Finally, our results
identify the SASP as the major contributor to the antiviral defense exerted by
cell senescence in vitro, and points to a role activating and recruiting the
immune system to clear out the infection. Thus, our study indicates that cell
senescence has also a role as a natural antiviral defense mechanism.
|*Cellular Senescence
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
[MESH]
|Cell Line, Tumor
[MESH]
|Cells, Cultured
[MESH]
|Fibroblasts/cytology/virology
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immune System/*physiology
[MESH]
|Mice
[MESH]
|Serial Passage
[MESH]
|Vesicular Stomatitis/immunology/*prevention & control
[MESH]