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2016 ; 110
(4-5
): 137-47
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gab.com Text
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Cationic host defense peptides; novel antimicrobial therapeutics against Category
A pathogens and emerging infections
#MMPMID27315342
Findlay F
; Proudfoot L
; Stevens C
; Barlow PG
Pathog Glob Health
2016[Jun]; 110
(4-5
): 137-47
PMID27315342
show ga
Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDP, also known as antimicrobial peptides) are
crucial components of the innate immune system and possess broad-spectrum
antibacterial, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities. They can contribute to
the rapid clearance of biological agents through direct killing of the organisms,
inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators such as lipopolysaccharide, and by
modulating the inflammatory response to infection. Category A biological agents
and materials, as classified by the United States National Institutes for Health,
the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the US Department of
Homeland Security, carry the most severe threat in terms of human health,
transmissibility, and preparedness. As such, there is a pressing need for novel
frontline approaches for prevention and treatment of diseases caused by these
organisms, and exploiting the broad antimicrobial activity exhibited by cationic
host defense peptides represents an exciting priority area for clinical research.
This review will summarize what is known about the antimicrobial and antiviral
effects of the two main families of cationic host defense peptides,
cathelicidins, and defensins in the context of Category A biological agents which
include, but are not limited to; anthrax (Bacillus anthracis), plague (Yersinia
pestis), smallpox (Variola major), tularemia (Francisella tularensis). In
addition, we highlight priority areas, particularly emerging viral infections,
where more extensive research is urgently required.
|Anti-Infective Agents/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/*therapeutic use
[MESH]