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2014 ; 8
(5-6
): 427-37
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Cathepsin B: multiple roles in cancer
#MMPMID24677670
Aggarwal N
; Sloane BF
Proteomics Clin Appl
2014[Jun]; 8
(5-6
): 427-37
PMID24677670
show ga
Proteases, including intracellular proteases, play roles at many different stages
of malignant progression. Our focus here is cathepsin B, a lysosomal cysteine
cathepsin. High levels of cathepsin B are found in a wide variety of human
cancers, levels that often induce secretion and association of cathepsin B with
the tumor cell membrane. In experimental models, such as transgenic models of
murine pancreatic and mammary carcinomas, causal roles for cathepsin B have been
demonstrated in initiation, growth/tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis,
invasion, and metastasis. Tumor growth in transgenic models is promoted by
cathepsin B in tumor-associated cells, for example, tumor-associated macrophages,
as well as in tumor cells. In transgenic models, the absence of cathepsin B has
been associated with enhanced apoptosis, yet cathepsin B also has been shown to
contribute to apoptosis. Cathepsin B is part of a proteolytic pathway identified
in xenograft models of human glioma; targeting only cathepsin B in these tumors
is less effective than targeting cathepsin B in combination with other proteases
or protease receptors. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for increased
expression of cathepsin B in tumors and association of cathepsin B with tumor
cell membranes is needed to determine whether targeting cathepsin B could be of
therapeutic benefit.