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Cathelicidin impact on inflammatory cells
#MMPMID26557038
Agier J
; Efenberger M
; Brzezi?ska-B?aszczyk E
Cent Eur J Immunol
2015[]; 40
(2
): 225-35
PMID26557038
show ga
Cathelicidins, like other antimicrobial peptides, exhibit direct antimicrobial
activities against a broad spectrum of microbes, including both Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacteria, enveloped viruses, and fungi. These host-derived peptides
kill the invaded pathogens by perturbing their cell membranes and can neutralize
biological activities of endotoxin. Nowadays, more and more data indicate that
these peptides, in addition to their antimicrobial properties, possess various
immunomodulatory activities. Cathelicidins have the potential to influence and
modulate, both directly and indirectly, the activity of various cell populations
involved in inflammatory processes and in host defense against invading
pathogens. They induce migration of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages,
eosinophils, and mast cells and prolong the lifespan of neutrophils. These
peptides directly activate inflammatory cells to production and release of
different pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory mediators, cytokines, and
chemokines, however cathelicidins might mediate the generation of
anti-inflammatory cytokines as well. Cathelicidins also modulate epithelial
cell/keratinocyte responses to infecting pathogens. What is more, they affect
activity of monocytes, dendritic cells, keratinocytes, or epithelial cells acting
in synergy with cytokines or ?-defensins. In addition, these peptides indirectly
balance TLR-mediated responses of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells,
epithelial cells, and keratinocytes. This review discusses the role and
significance of cathelicidins in inflammation and innate immunity against
pathogens.