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2015 ; 22
(13
): 1079-83
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Cardiovascular pathobiology of inflammasomes: inflammatory machinery and beyond
#MMPMID25779752
Li PL
Antioxid Redox Signal
2015[May]; 22
(13
): 1079-83
PMID25779752
show ga
SIGNIFICANCE: In response to infection or cellular stress, inflammasomes are
assembled and activated to mediate host defense and to initiate or promote the
development of different diseases, in particular, autoinflammatory diseases and
chronic degenerative diseases. Understanding of inflammasomes and related
physiological and pathological relevance to the cardiovascular system will open a
new chapter on the pathogenesis of inflammation and related diseases and will
help develop novel therapeutic strategies for prevention or treatment of
cardiovascular diseases. RECENT ADVANCES: The inflammasome, in particular the
nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3)
inflammasome, has been recently recognized as a fundamental mechanism to mediate
or promote the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases. Some important mechanisms
responsible for NLRP3 inflammasome activation have been proposed and many
molecular targets associated with this inflammasome activation are shown to be
the possible candidates of therapeutic targets for treatment of cardiovascular
diseases. CRITICAL ISSUES: The concepts that NLRP3 inflammasome activation occurs
just in immune cells or phagocytes and that its role is only for the inflammatory
progression of cardiovascular diseases are oversimplified. A large body of other
cell types are capable of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and many uncanonical
effects of this inflammasome may also be implicated in the development of
cardiovascular diseases, which are discussed in a great detail by this Forum.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS: More mechanistic and translational studies will rapidly widen
the horizon of knowledge on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation, which
may help develop novel effective therapeutic strategies to target this
inflammasome for treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases.