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2017 ; 183
(ä): 57-70
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Cardiovascular consequences of metabolic syndrome
#MMPMID28130064
Tune JD
; Goodwill AG
; Sassoon DJ
; Mather KJ
Transl Res
2017[May]; 183
(ä): 57-70
PMID28130064
show ga
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the concurrence of obesity-associated
cardiovascular risk factors including abdominal obesity, impaired glucose
tolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL cholesterol, and/or hypertension.
Earlier conceptualizations of the MetS focused on insulin resistance as a core
feature, and it is clearly coincident with the above list of features. Each
component of the MetS is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease
and the combination of these risk factors elevates rates and severity of
cardiovascular disease, related to a spectrum of cardiovascular conditions
including microvascular dysfunction, coronary atherosclerosis and calcification,
cardiac dysfunction, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. While advances in
understanding the etiology and consequences of this complex disorder have been
made, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely
understood, and it is unclear how these concurrent risk factors conspire to
produce the variety of obesity-associated adverse cardiovascular diseases. In
this review, we highlight current knowledge regarding the pathophysiological
consequences of obesity and the MetS on cardiovascular function and disease,
including considerations of potential physiological and molecular mechanisms that
may contribute to these adverse outcomes.