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Smid J
; Scherner M
; Wolfram O
; Groscheck T
; Wippermann J
; Braun-Dullaeus RC
Dtsch Arztebl Int
2018[Mar]; 115
(12
): 193-199
PMID29642989
show ga
BACKGROUND: Persistent fever of unknown cause is only rarely of cardiac origin,
but heart disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Aside from
endocarditis, pericarditis and various other conditions may be responsible.
METHODS: This review is based on pertinent articles retrieved by a selective
search in PubMed and Google Scholar employing the term "fever" in combination
with "myocardial infarction," "pericarditis," "endocarditis," and "postcardiac
injury," with additional consideration of current cardiological guidelines.
RESULTS: Endocarditis is associated with fever in 90% of cases, but 25-50% of
patients also develop high body temperatures after acute myocardial infarction.
In pericarditis, a temperature above 38°C indicates a poorer prognosis; if
accompanied by other warning signs, it is an indication for hospitalization and
pericardiocentesis. Fever can arise after cardiac surgical procedures as a
manifestation of post - cardiotomy syndrome, a special type of perimyocarditis.
There may be a latency period of up to 3 months. CONCLUSION: Fever can have both
infectious and non-infectious cardiac causes. Its interpretation depends on the
clinical context. The evidence base for treatment is sparse, and controlled
trials are needed.
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