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2015 ; 2
(ä): 11
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Cancer stem cells and exosome signaling
#MMPMID27358879
Hannafon BN
; Ding WQ
Stem Cell Investig
2015[]; 2
(ä): 11
PMID27358879
show ga
Exosomes have been recognized as mediators of intercellular communication among
different cell populations in various biological model systems. By transfer of
signaling molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs between different cell
types, exosomes are implicated in both physiological and pathological processes.
The tumor microenvironment consists of multiple types of cells including adult
stem cells, cancer stem cells, and stromal cells. These cells are known to
intercommunicate with each other thereby modulating tumor progression. Recent
studies have provided evidence demonstrating that exosomes mediate the
interactions among different types of cells within the tumor microenvironment,
providing new insight into how these cells interact with each other through
exosome signaling. This review is focused on recent studies that have examined
exosome-mediated intercommunication among cancer stem cells, adult stem cells,
cancer cells, and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment. Based on the
current literature, it seems clear that adult stem cells and cancer stem cells
secret exosomes that can be transferred to their surrounding cells thereby
modulating cancer progression. Likewise, cancer cells and stromal cells also
release exosomes that can be taken up by cancer stem cells or adult stem cells,
leading to alterations to their phenotype. The molecular mechanisms and
biological consequences of the exosome-mediated interactions of these cells
remain to be further elucidated. A better understanding of how exosomes mediate
intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment and the specific
biological consequences of these interactions will likely offer new opportunities
in the development of diagnostic or therapeutic strategies against cancer.