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2014 ; 1
(1
): 13-21
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Cancer around the brain
#MMPMID26034610
Grisold W
; Grisold A
Neurooncol Pract
2014[Mar]; 1
(1
): 13-21
PMID26034610
show ga
BACKGROUND: Neuro-oncologists are familiar with primary brain tumors,
intracerebral metastases meningeal carcinomatosis and extracerebral intracranial
tumors as meningeoma. For these conditions, and also some other rare tumor
entities several treatment options exist. Cancer can also involve structures
around the brain as the dura, the base of the skull, the cavities of the skull
and tissue around the bony skull, the skin, the tissue of the neck. and either
compress, invade or spread in the central or peripheral nervous system. METHODS:
A systematic literature research was conducted determining symptoms and signs,
tumor sites of nerve invasion, tumor types, diagnostic techniques, mechanisms of
nerve invasion, and important differential diagnosis. Additional cases from own
experience were added for illustration. RESULTS: The mechanisms of tumor invasion
of cranial nerves is heterogenous and not only involves several types of
invasion, but also spread along the cranial nerves in antero- and retrograde
fashion and even spread into different nerve territories via anastomosis. In
addition the concept of angiosomas may have an influence on the spread of
metastases. CONCLUSION: In addition to the well described tumor spread in
meningeal carcinomatosis and base of the skull metastases, dural spread, lesions
of the bony skull, the cavities of the skull and skin of the face and tissue of
the neck region need to be considered, and have an impact on therapeutic
decisions.