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2016 ; 3
(ä): 21
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Cancer Stem Cell Hierarchy in Glioblastoma Multiforme
#MMPMID27148537
Bradshaw A
; Wickremsekera A
; Tan ST
; Peng L
; Davis PF
; Itinteang T
Front Surg
2016[]; 3
(ä): 21
PMID27148537
show ga
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive tumor that typically exhibits
treatment failure with high mortality rates, is associated with the presence of
cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor. CSCs possess the ability for perpetual
self-renewal and proliferation, producing downstream progenitor cells that drive
tumor growth. Studies of many cancer types have identified CSCs using specific
markers, but it is still unclear as to where in the stem cell hierarchy these
markers fall. This is compounded further by the presence of multiple GBM and
glioblastoma cancer stem cell subtypes, making investigation and establishment of
a universal treatment difficult. This review examines the current knowledge on
the CSC markers SALL4, OCT-4, SOX2, STAT3, NANOG, c-Myc, KLF4, CD133, CD44,
nestin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, specifically focusing on their use
and validity in GBM research and how they may be utilized for investigations into
GBM's cancer biology.