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2015 ; 7
(2
): 17-28
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Cancer Invasion: Patterns and Mechanisms
#MMPMID26085941
Krakhmal NV
; Zavyalova MV
; Denisov EV
; Vtorushin SV
; Perelmuter VM
Acta Naturae
2015[Apr]; 7
(2
): 17-28
PMID26085941
show ga
Cancer invasion and the ability of malignant tumor cells for directed migration
and metastasis have remained a focus of research for many years. Numerous studies
have confirmed the existence of two main patterns of cancer cell invasion:
collective cell migration and individual cell migration, by which tumor cells
overcome barriers of the extracellular matrix and spread into surrounding
tissues. Each pattern of cell migration displays specific morphological features
and the biochemical/molecular genetic mechanisms underlying cell migration. Two
types of migrating tumor cells, mesenchymal (fibroblast-like) and amoeboid, are
observed in each pattern of cancer cell invasion. This review describes the key
differences between the variants of cancer cell migration, the role of
epithelial-mesenchymal, collective-amoeboid, mesenchymal-amoeboid, and amoeboid-
mesenchymal transitions, as well as the significance of different tumor factors
and stromal molecules in tumor invasion. The data and facts collected are
essential to the understanding of how the patterns of cancer cell invasion are
related to cancer progression and therapy efficacy. Convincing evidence is
provided that morphological manifestations of the invasion patterns are
characterized by a variety of tissue (tumor) structures. The results of our own
studies are presented to show the association of breast cancer progression with
intratumoral morphological heterogeneity, which most likely reflects the types of
cancer cell migration and results from different activities of cell adhesion
molecules in tumor cells of distinct morphological structures.