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2017 ; 50
(1
): 20-24
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CRISPR as a strong gene editing tool
#MMPMID27616359
Shen S
; Loh TJ
; Shen H
; Zheng X
; Shen H
BMB Rep
2017[Jan]; 50
(1
): 20-24
PMID27616359
show ga
Clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a new and
effective genetic editing tool. CRISPR was initially found in bacteria to protect
it from virus invasions. In the first step, specific DNA strands of virus are
identified by guide RNA that is composed of crRNA and tracrRNA. Then RNAse III is
required for producing crRNA from pre-crRNA. In The second step, a
crRNA:tracrRNA:Cas9 complex guides RNase III to cleave target DNA. After cleavage
of DNA by CRISPR-Cas9, DNA can be fixed by Non- Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) and
Homology Directed Repair (HDR). Whereas NHEJ is simple and random, HDR is much
more complex and accurate. Gene editing by CRISPR is able to be applied to
various biological field such as agriculture and treating genetic diseases in
human. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(1): 20-24].
|*CRISPR-Cas Systems
[MESH]
|CRISPR-Associated Proteins/*genetics
[MESH]
|Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/*genetics
[MESH]