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2018 ; 14
(2
): 109-120
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CD39-adenosinergic axis in renal pathophysiology and therapeutics
#MMPMID29332180
Kishore BK
; Robson SC
; Dwyer KM
Purinergic Signal
2018[Jun]; 14
(2
): 109-120
PMID29332180
show ga
Extracellular ATP interacts with purinergic type 2 (P2) receptors and elicits
many crucial biological functions. Extracellular ATP is sequentially hydrolyzed
to ADP and AMP by the actions of defined nucleotidases, such as CD39, and AMP is
converted to adenosine, largely by CD73, an ecto-5'-nucleotidase. Extracellular
adenosine interacts with P1 receptors and often opposes the effects of P2
receptor activation. The balance between extracellular ATP and adenosine in the
blood and extracellular fluid is regulated chiefly by the activities of CD39 and
CD73, which constitute the CD39-adenosinergic axis. In recent years, several
studies have shown this axis to play critical roles in transport of water/sodium,
tubuloglomerular feedback, renin secretion, ischemia reperfusion injury, renal
fibrosis, hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, transplantation, inflammation, and
macrophage transformation. Important developments include global and targeted
gene knockout and/or transgenic mouse models of CD39 or CD73, biological or small
molecule inhibitors, and soluble engineered ectonucleotidases to directly impact
the CD39-adenosinergic axis. This review presents a comprehensive picture of the
multiple roles of CD39-adenosinergic axis in renal physiology, pathophysiology,
and therapeutics. Scientific advances and greater understanding of the role of
this axis in the kidney, in both health and illness, will direct development of
innovative therapies for renal diseases.