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2016 ; 128
(18
): 2218-2228
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C1q and HMGB1 reciprocally regulate human macrophage polarization
#MMPMID27683415
Son M
; Porat A
; He M
; Suurmond J
; Santiago-Schwarz F
; Andersson U
; Coleman TR
; Volpe BT
; Tracey KJ
; Al-Abed Y
; Diamond B
Blood
2016[Nov]; 128
(18
): 2218-2228
PMID27683415
show ga
A healthy immune system results from a balance of stimulatory and inhibitory
pathways that allow effective responses to acute insults, without descending into
chronic inflammation. Failed homeostasis is characteristic of autoimmune diseases
such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Although HMGB1 induces proinflammatory
M1-like macrophage differentiation, we describe a mechanism by which C1q
modulates this activity and collaborates with HMGB1 to induce the differentiation
of monocytes to anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages. These anti-inflammatory
macrophages are unresponsive to dendritic cell induction factors, effectively
removing them from participation in an adaptive immune response. This pathway is
mediated through a complex with RAGE and LAIR-1 and depends on relative levels of
C1q and HMGB1. Importantly, these data provide insight into a homeostatic
mechanism in which C1q and HMGB1 can cooperate to terminate inflammation, and
which may be impaired in C1q-deficient patients with autoimmune disease.