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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Pediatr+Genet
2013 ; 2
(2
): 85-90
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Birth defects: Risk factors and consequences
#MMPMID27625844
Oliveira CI
; Fett-Conte AC
J Pediatr Genet
2013[Jun]; 2
(2
): 85-90
PMID27625844
show ga
Birth defects (BDs) or congenital anomalies include all structural and functional
alterations in embryonic or fetal development resulting from genetic,
environmental or unknown causes, which result in physical and/or mental
impairment. BDs occur in about 3% of newborn babies and in most cases of
pregnancy loss. BDs are a very complex and heterogeneous group of single or
multiple changes that, in most cases, are of unknown etiology. Among the risk
factors are advanced maternal and paternal ages, parental consanguinity,
teratogenic agents such as infectious agents and drugs, and poor nutrition, in
particular folic acid deficiency. One of the consequences of these defects is the
high death rate within the first year of life. Information on BDs is becoming
increasingly more important throughout the world so that preventive measures can
be taken. Knowledge of BDs enables the development of therapeutic and preventive
strategies besides adequate genetic counseling.