Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\28218726
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Int+J+Mol+Sci
2017 ; 18
(2
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Biomarkers in Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia
#MMPMID28218726
Principi N
; Esposito S
Int J Mol Sci
2017[Feb]; 18
(2
): ä PMID28218726
show ga
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria,
viruses, or a combination of these infectious agents. The severity of the
clinical manifestations of CAP varies significantly. Consequently, both the
differentiation of viral from bacterial CAP cases and the accurate assessment and
prediction of disease severity are critical for effectively managing individuals
with CAP. To solve questionable cases, several biomarkers indicating the etiology
and severity of CAP have been studied. Unfortunately, only a few studies have
examined the roles of these biomarkers in pediatric practice. The main aim of
this paper is to detail current knowledge regarding the use of biomarkers to
diagnose and treat CAP in children, analyzing the most recently published
relevant studies. Despite several attempts, the etiologic diagnosis of pediatric
CAP and the estimation of the potential outcome remain unsolved problems in most
cases. Among traditional biomarkers, procalcitonin (PCT) appears to be the most
effective for both selecting bacterial cases and evaluating the severity.
However, a precise cut-off separating bacterial from viral and mild from severe
cases has not been defined. The three-host protein assay based on C-reactive
protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL),
plasma interferon-? protein-10 (IP-10), and micro-array-based whole genome
expression arrays might offer more advantages in comparison with former
biomarkers. However, further studies are needed before the routine use of those
presently in development can be recommended.