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Biochemical reconstitution of temozolomide-induced mutational processes #MMPMID40914245
Sanyal MR; Sugiyama T
J Biol Chem 2025[Sep]; ä (ä): 110676 PMID40914245show ga
Temozolomide (TMZ), a DNA alkylator, is a chemotherapeutic agent for brain tumors, but the treatment induces a distinct pattern of mutations, known as a cancer mutational signature SBS11. Although the correlation between TMZ treatment and SBS11 mutations is very clear, the precise biochemical mechanisms that cause SBS11 have not been elucidated. TMZ can alkylate DNA at several locations, among which O(6)-methylguanine (O(6)me-G) is believed to be most toxic. In this study, we reconstituted potential biochemical processes of TMZ-induced mutagenesis in vitro, including TMZ-induced DNA damage and subsequent DNA synthesis by various DNA polymerases. Next generation sequencing of the DNA products revealed mutations with a similar spectrum to SBS11. Efficient production of the SBS11-like mutation spectra required DNA in double-stranded form and multiple exposures to TMZ. Replicative polymerase delta alone generated SBS11-like mutations on the damaged DNA. Most SBS11-like mutations were sensitive to methyl guanine methyltransferase (MGMT) treatment, indicating that the mutations are formed on O(6)me-G modifications. Human Pol eta reduced the SBS11-like mutations, indicating its suppressive role in TMZ-induced mutagenesis. Yeast Pol zeta and human Pol kappa generated distinct mutations unrelated to SBS11.