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2017 ; 8
(1
): 21-31
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Biochemical changes in the injured brain
#MMPMID28289516
Sahu S
; Nag DS
; Swain A
; Samaddar DP
World J Biol Chem
2017[Feb]; 8
(1
): 21-31
PMID28289516
show ga
Brain metabolism is an energy intensive phenomenon involving a wide spectrum of
chemical intermediaries. Various injury states have a detrimental effect on the
biochemical processes involved in the homeostatic and electrophysiological
properties of the brain. The biochemical markers of brain injury are a recent
addition in the armamentarium of neuro-clinicians and are being increasingly used
in the routine management of neuro-pathological entities such as traumatic brain
injury, stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage and intracranial space occupying
lesions. These markers are increasingly being used in assessing severity as well
as in predicting the prognostic course of neuro-pathological lesions. S-100
protein, neuron specific enolase, creatinine phosphokinase isoenzyme BB and
myelin basic protein are some of the biochemical markers which have been proven
to have prognostic and clinical value in the brain injury. While S-100, glial
fibrillary acidic protein and ubiquitin C terminal hydrolase are early biomarkers
of neuronal injury and have the potential to aid in clinical decision-making in
the initial management of patients presenting with an acute neuronal crisis, the
other biomarkers are of value in predicting long-term complications and prognosis
in such patients. In recent times cerebral microdialysis has established itself
as a novel way of monitoring brain tissue biochemical metabolites such as
glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glutamate and glycerol while small non-coding RNAs
have presented themselves as potential markers of brain injury for future.
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