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2016 ; 10
(ä): 104
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Bayesian Estimation and Inference Using Stochastic Electronics
#MMPMID27047326
Thakur CS
; Afshar S
; Wang RM
; Hamilton TJ
; Tapson J
; van Schaik A
Front Neurosci
2016[]; 10
(ä): 104
PMID27047326
show ga
In this paper, we present the implementation of two types of Bayesian inference
problems to demonstrate the potential of building probabilistic algorithms in
hardware using single set of building blocks with the ability to perform these
computations in real time. The first implementation, referred to as the BEAST
(Bayesian Estimation and Stochastic Tracker), demonstrates a simple problem where
an observer uses an underlying Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to track a target in one
dimension. In this implementation, sensors make noisy observations of the target
position at discrete time steps. The tracker learns the transition model for
target movement, and the observation model for the noisy sensors, and uses these
to estimate the target position by solving the Bayesian recursive equation
online. We show the tracking performance of the system and demonstrate how it can
learn the observation model, the transition model, and the external distractor
(noise) probability interfering with the observations. In the second
implementation, referred to as the Bayesian INference in DAG (BIND), we show how
inference can be performed in a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) using stochastic
circuits. We show how these building blocks can be easily implemented using
simple digital logic gates. An advantage of the stochastic electronic
implementation is that it is robust to certain types of noise, which may become
an issue in integrated circuit (IC) technology with feature sizes in the order of
tens of nanometers due to their low noise margin, the effect of high-energy
cosmic rays and the low supply voltage. In our framework, the flipping of random
individual bits would not affect the system performance because information is
encoded in a bit stream.