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2016 ; 3
(1
): 22
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Basic science of osteoarthritis
#MMPMID27624438
Cucchiarini M
; de Girolamo L
; Filardo G
; Oliveira JM
; Orth P
; Pape D
; Reboul P
J Exp Orthop
2016[Dec]; 3
(1
): 22
PMID27624438
show ga
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, disabling disorder of the joints that affects
a large population worldwide and for which there is no definitive cure. This
review provides critical insights into the basic knowledge on OA that may lead to
innovative end efficient new therapeutic regimens. While degradation of the
articular cartilage is the hallmark of OA, with altered interactions between
chondrocytes and compounds of the extracellular matrix, the subchondral bone has
been also described as a key component of the disease, involving specific
pathomechanisms controlling its initiation and progression. The identification of
such events (and thus of possible targets for therapy) has been made possible by
the availability of a number of animal models that aim at reproducing the human
pathology, in particular large models of high tibial osteotomy (HTO). From a
therapeutic point of view, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising
option for the treatment of OA and may be used concomitantly with functional
substitutes integrating scaffolds and drugs/growth factors in tissue engineering
setups. Altogether, these advances in the fundamental and experimental knowledge
on OA may allow for the generation of improved, adapted therapeutic regimens to
treat human OA.