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2015 ; 22
(14
): 1757-73
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Bacteriophages and phage-derived proteins--application approaches
#MMPMID25666799
Drulis-Kawa Z
; Majkowska-Skrobek G
; Maciejewska B
Curr Med Chem
2015[]; 22
(14
): 1757-73
PMID25666799
show ga
Currently, the bacterial resistance, especially to most commonly used antibiotics
has proved to be a severe therapeutic problem. Nosocomial and community-acquired
infections are usually caused by multidrug resistant strains. Therefore, we are
forced to develop an alternative or supportive treatment for successful cure of
life-threatening infections. The idea of using natural bacterial pathogens such
as bacteriophages is already well known. Many papers have been published proving
the high antibacterial efficacy of lytic phages tested in animal models as well
as in the clinic. Researchers have also investigated the application of non-lytic
phages and temperate phages, with promising results. Moreover, the development of
molecular biology and novel generation methods of sequencing has opened up new
possibilities in the design of engineered phages and recombinant phage-derived
proteins. Encouraging performances were noted especially for phage enzymes
involved in the first step of viral infection responsible for bacterial envelope
degradation, named depolymerases. There are at least five major groups of such
enzymes - peptidoglycan hydrolases, endosialidases, endorhamnosidases, alginate
lyases and hyaluronate lyases - that have application potential. There is also
much interest in proteins encoded by lysis cassette genes (holins, endolysins,
spanins) responsible for progeny release during the phage lytic cycle. In this
review, we discuss several issues of phage and phage-derived protein application
approaches in therapy, diagnostics and biotechnology in general.
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