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10.2147/IJNRD.S112299 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.2147/IJNRD.S112299 C5856054!5856054 !29559807     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=29559807 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\29559807 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Int+J+Nephrol+Renovasc+Dis 2018 ; 11 (ä): 103-112 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29559807 |t=2018. BOLD magnetic resonance imaging in nephrology |pdf=|usr=}}{{29559807 }} gab.com Text BOLD magnetic resonance imaging in nephrology JO: Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29559807 #FOAvip Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, a non-invasive modality that provides anatomic and physiologic information, is increasingly used for diagnosis of pathophysiologic conditions and for understanding renal physiology in humans. Although functional MR imaging methods were pioneered to investigate the brain, they also offer powerful techniques for investigation of other organ systems such as the kidneys. However, imaging the kidneys provides unique challenges due to potential complications from contrast agents. Therefore, development of non-contrast techniques to study kidney anatomy and physiology is important. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MR is a non-contrast imaging technique that provides functional information related to renal tissue oxygenation in various pathophysiologic conditions. Here we discuss technical considerations, clinical uses and future directions for use of BOLD MR as well as complementary MR techniques to better understand renal pathophysiology. Our intent is to summarize kidney BOLD MR applications for the clinician rather than focusing on the complex physical challenges that functional MR imaging encompasses; however, we briefly discuss some of those issues. Twit Text FOAVip BOLD magnetic resonance imaging in nephrology ????Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29559807 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29559807 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29559807 }}</ref> BOLD magnetic resonance imaging in nephrology #MMPMID29559807 Hall ME ; Jordan JH ; Juncos LA ; Hundley WG ; Hall JE Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2018[]; 11 (ä): 103-112 PMID29559807 show ga Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, a non-invasive modality that provides anatomic and physiologic information, is increasingly used for diagnosis of pathophysiologic conditions and for understanding renal physiology in humans. Although functional MR imaging methods were pioneered to investigate the brain, they also offer powerful techniques for investigation of other organ systems such as the kidneys. However, imaging the kidneys provides unique challenges due to potential complications from contrast agents. Therefore, development of non-contrast techniques to study kidney anatomy and physiology is important. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MR is a non-contrast imaging technique that provides functional information related to renal tissue oxygenation in various pathophysiologic conditions. Here we discuss technical considerations, clinical uses and future directions for use of BOLD MR as well as complementary MR techniques to better understand renal pathophysiology. Our intent is to summarize kidney BOLD MR applications for the clinician rather than focusing on the complex physical challenges that functional MR imaging encompasses; however, we briefly discuss some of those issues. äBOLD magnetic resonance imaging in nephrology (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing