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2015 ; 5
(4
): 196-208
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B cells with regulatory properties in transplantation tolerance
#MMPMID26722647
Durand J
; Chiffoleau E
World J Transplant
2015[Dec]; 5
(4
): 196-208
PMID26722647
show ga
Induction of tolerance remains a major goal in transplantation. Indeed, despite
potent immunosuppression, chronic rejection is still a real problem in
transplantation. The humoral response is an important mediator of chronic
rejection, and numerous strategies have been developed to target either B cells
or plasma cells. However, the use of anti-CD20 therapy has highlighted the
beneficial role of subpopulation of B cells, termed regulatory B cells. These
cells have been characterized mainly in mice models of auto-immune diseases but
emerging literature suggests their role in graft tolerance in transplantation.
Regulatory B cells seem to be induced following inflammation to restrain
excessive response. Different phenotypes of regulatory B cells have been
described and are functional at various differentiation steps from immature to
plasma cells. These cells act by multiple mechanisms such as secretion of
immuno-suppressive cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) or IL-35, cytotoxicity,
expression of inhibitory receptors or by secretion of non-inflammatory
antibodies. Better characterization of the development, phenotype and mode of
action of these cells seems urgent to develop novel approaches to manipulate the
different B cell subsets and the response to the graft in a clinical setting.